Design and validate a model for the professional development of school principals in a mixed manner

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Karam Isfahani ¹
• Nader Soleimani ²
• heidar toorani ³
• Parviz Sabahi ⁴

¹ Teacher

² Associate Professor Islamic Azad University Garmsar Branch

³ Associate Professor Research Institute of Education, Tehran, Iran

⁴ Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to "design and validate a model for the professional development of school principals in a mixed manner". The research was applied in terms of purpose and mixed method. The statistical population of this study in the qualitative section included educational management experts. First, in this section, with a deep study of the theoretical foundations and background of the research presented on the subject of research in both internal and external sectors, the components of professional development of school principals were identified. Then, semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposeful sampling method and each interview was coded through NVivo software. This process continued until the researcher reached theoretical saturation. The statistical population of the high school principals in the provinces of Tehran province is 2711 people that were selected by Cochran formula of 385 samples by multistage cluster sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire for quantitative determination of face status and desirability. Its face and content validity was confirmed by 10 experts in management and educational leadership and its reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.864). And combined reliability (0.899) is achieved. The results showed that the professional development of managers has eight components: "organizational factor", "policy factor", "economic factor", "cultural factor", "value factor", "social factor", "individual factor" and "technology factor". That is, in professional development, managers explain 80% of the variance. On the other hand, the status of organizational and policy components was lower than average and undesirable and the other components were average and far from optimal. Finally, the research model was formulated based on the philosophy and goals of the model, the theoretical foundations, and factors influencing the professional development of managers, which was confirmed with 99% confidence

Keywords

• Professional Development
• School Principals
• Components of Professional Development

20.1001.1.20086369.1399.11.45.5.2

---

References

• Asghari, M., Abdollahi, D., Keshvari, S., & Jalalvand, A. (2018). Professional development: A necessity for school principals, 5th National Conference on Management and Humanities Research in Iran, University of Tehran, July 2018[In Persian].
• Asgari, N., Nikokar, G., Safari, H., & Gholami, M. (2015) The pattern of competencies of public managers of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on Perspective Document 1404, Management inThe Islamic University, 2015 (Spring &Summer) 4(9):1, 23-38[In Persian].
• Assor, A., & Oplatka, I. (2003). Towards a comprehensive conceptual framework for understanding principals’ personal‐professional growth. Journal of educational administration. 41(5), 471-497
• Behrangi, M. (2016). Educational administration: the use of theory of management in planning and suppervision., Tehran: Kamal Tarbiat[In Persian].
• Bonyadi, B., Fani, A., & Seyed Javadin, Seyed R. (2019). Designing and explaining the competency model of school principals based on the document on the fundamental transformation of education and other upstream documents, Journal of Educational and Scholastic Studies, Winter 2019. 7(2),  113-144[In Persian].
• Brauckman,  S.  (2008). The impact od school leadership on school results exploring the foundations of a relationship work-shop paper presented at the annual conference of the Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
• Daresh, J. (2004). Mentoring school leaders: Professional promise or predictable problems?. Educational administration quarterly, 40(4), 495-517.
• DORRI, B., Hosseini, S. M., GHARACHEH, M., & Bahraminasab, M. (2015). Designing and Describing a Model for Strategic Competencies of Senior Managers, using Thematic Analysis Method, Journal of Strategic Management Studies, Fall 2015, 2(3), 19-41[In Persian]..
• Dös, I., & Savas, A. C. (2015). Elementary School Administrators and Their Roles in the Context of Effective Schools. SAGE Open, 5(1), n1.
• Etudor-Eyo, E., Emah, I. E., & Ante, H. A. (2012). The Use of ICT and Communication Effectiveness among Secondary School Administrators. EDUCARE, 4(2).
• Faridi Zengir, A. (2011).  The Relationship Between School Managers Leadership Style P.E Teachers, Efficiency in Germy, "M.A" Thesis On Sport Management, Central Tehran Branch Faculty of physical Education and Sport Science, Islamic Azad University [In Persian].
• Farmahini Farahani, M., &  Behnam Jam,  L. (2012). Ethics Components In Education Of Faculty Members Of Shahed University, Ethics In Science & Tevhnology  Spring 2012 , 7(1),  48 To 57 [In Persian].
• Farrahi Bouzanjani,  B., Sedaghat A., Bazargani M., Bahadori M. K., & Tofighi, S. (2010). Designing development model of managers in health care and medical education area. J Mil Med. 2010; 12 (3), 117-122[In Persian].
• Farzaneh, M., Pour Karimi, J., & Nowruz, M. (2015).  Providing a model of high school principals' professional competencies, Educational Leadership and Management, Summer 2015,  2(3),  85-96[In Persian].
• Fazli, S., Saffaryan S., & Hashemnejad, F. (2012). The Study Of The Effect Of It Traing Courses On Improving The Performance Of The Staff In Mazandaran Medical Science University,  Information  And Communication Technology In Educational Schenes  Summer 2012, 2(4), 129 - 144[In Persian].
• Fenwick, L. T., & Pierce, M. C. (2002). Professional Development of Principals. ERIC Digest.
• Ganser, T. (2000). An ambitious vision of professional development for teachers. NASSP bulletin, 84(618), 6-12.
• Ghanbari, S., & Mohammadi, B. (2016). »Professional Development Model of High School Administrators: A qualitative research«Journal Of School,Administration, Fall-Winter2016, 4(2), 123-143[In Persian].
• Guskey, T. R. (2002). Professional development and teacher change. Teachers and teaching, 8(3), 381-391.
• Hajibabayi, H. (2012). Key words: the School which I Like, Fundamental Development in Education, Quarterly journal of Educational Innovation, Fall: 2012, 11(2),  75-94. [In Persian].
• Hayat, A.  (2015). Design and Validation of Professional Standards of Iranian High School Principals and Needs Assessment of Secondary School Principals in Shiraz, Dissertation for a PhD in Educational Management in Kharazmi University, Faculty of Management and Accounting. [In Persian].
• Heidari Tafreshi, G., Khadivi, A., & Yousefi, R. (2011). Organizational and management theories in the postmodern world, Tehran: Farhang Sabz Publications, First Edition, p. 332[In Persian].
• Hejazi, Seyyed Y., & Rostami Ghobad, F. (2010). Investigating the Factors Affecting the Professional Development of Faculty Members of Agriculture (Case Study: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran), Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2010, 2(3), 347-358[In Persian].
• Holloway, I., & Wheeler, S. (2010). Interviewing. Qualitative research in nursing and healthcare. 3rd ed. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 87-106.
• Hopkins-Thompson, P. A. (2000). Colleagues helping colleagues: Mentoring and coaching. NASSP bulletin, 84(617), 29-36.
• Ibrahim, N. (2011). Preparation and development of public secondary schools principals in Kenya. International journal of humanities and social science, 1(9), 291-301.
• Javanak Liavali, M., Abili, K., Porkarimi, J., & Soltani Arabshahi, S. K. (2017). Providing a Pattern of Professional Development of Clinical Department Chairs: A Case of State Universities of Medical Sciences in Tehran. Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 10(3), 203-218. [In Persian].
• Joshua,   D. (2019). The Effects Of Professional Development On educational managers’ Technology Self-Efficacy: A Design-Baded Approach, A Dissertation Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Education. Indiana University of Pennsylvania
• Juma, K., Abu Raihan, M., & Che Kum, C. (2018). » Role of ICT in Higher Educational Administration in Uganda«, World Journal of Educational Research,  3(1), 23-38
• Kanokorn, S., Pongtorn, P., & Ngang, T. K. (2014). Collaborative action professional development of school principals. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116(1), 77.
• Kinney, P. (2008). Developing leadership skill, principal lradership 9(4) 60-61.
• Leeds, A. M. (2008). Suffolk County Elementary Principals' Perceptions of Their Needs for Professional Development in Instructional Leadership (Doctoral dissertation, St. John's University).
• Lotfi, A., Hassanzadeh, R., & Abdollahi, A. (2011). The Perspective of Iranian Schools in 1404, First National Conference on Education in Iran 1404, Tehran, Science, Technology and Industry Policy Research Institute[In Persian].
• Macià, M., & García, I. (2016). Informal online communities and networks as a source of teacher professional development: A review. Teaching and teacher education, 55, 291-307.
• Mahmoudi, A., Abedi, A., & Heydari,  Y. ( 2012). Professional Competencies of Educational Directors. Journal of Management and Development Process. 2012; 25 (1), 69-92. [In Persian].
• Marshall, J. C., Pritchard, R. J., & Gunderson, B. H. (2001). Professional development: What works and what doesn’t. Principal Leadership, 1(6), 64-68.
• Militello, M., Fusarelli, B., Alsbury, T., & Warren, T. P. (2013). How professional standards guide practice for school principals. International journal of educational management. 27(1), 74- 90.
• Ng, S. W., & Chan, T. M. K. (2014). Continuing professional development for middle leaders in primary schools in Hong Kong. Journal of Educational Administration, 52(6), 869- 886
• Nikaein, S.,  Taabodi, M.,  & Vares, M. (2016). The Relation between Managers’ Skills and Human Resources Performance Assessment in Different Management Levels, Quarterly of New Approach to Educational Management  2016 4(26),:  75-94[In Persian].
• Nonaka, L & Takouchi, H. (2009).  the wise leader havard, businfss reveiw: 89(5), 58- 67.
• NoradSedigh, M., Naveh Ebrahim, A., & Arasteh. H. (2018).  Identification of the components of the professional development of talented managers of nongovernmental schools, mixed research, Managing Education in Organizations, Autumn & Winter 2018,  6(2),  183-224[In Persian].
• Qasemi Aghdami, M. (2016).  Selection and Appointment of School Principals (Study of School Principals of Chaharmahal Bakhtiari Province), Third International Conference on Modern Research in Humanities, Italy - Rome Institute of Managers Idea Capital Viera[In Persian].
• Rahnavard, F. (2011).  A Model Of Public Administration For Realization Of The Vision Of 1404,  Journal Of Public Administration Perspective  Summer 2011 , 2(6),  43 To 58[In Persian].
• Reston, VA. (2015). National policy Board for Educational Administrtion professional standards for Educational leaders, American Association of colleges of teacher education.
• Safari zanjani, N.,  Kazemzadeh beytali,  M., Hassani, M.,  &  Namazpour, M. (2017). The Study Of The Relationship Between Professional Development Of Staffs And Self-Efficacy And The Tyoes Of Management Power In Islamic Azad University Of Urmia,  Iranian Journal Of Public Policy In Management   Fall 2017 , 8(27),  1 - 12[In Persian].
• Salazar, P. S. (2007). The Professional Development Needs of Rural High School Principals: A Seven-state Study. The Rural Educator, 28 (3).
• Taheri,  M.,  Arefi,  M.,  Pardakhatchi, M.,  &  Ghahramani, M. (2013).  Exploring The Process Of Professional Development Of Teachers In Teachers Training Centers: A Grounded Theory, Journal Of Educational..Innovations   Spring2013, 12(45), 149 - 176[In Persian].
• Yan, W., & Enrich, L. C. (2009). Principal preparation and training: A look at China and its issues. International Journal of Educational Management, 23(1), 51-64.
• Zand, A., Arfaie, M., &  Farajollah Hosseini, Seyed J. (2011).  Investigating the Factors Affecting the Professional Development of Experts of Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch,Educational Leadership & Management, Quarterly, Islamic Azad University of Garmsar Branch, 5(2), 53-72[In Persian].
• Zepeda, S. J., Parylo, O., & Bengtson, E. (2014). Analyzing principal professional development practices through the lens of adult learning theory. Professional development in Education, 40(2), 295-315.
• Design and validate a model for the professional development of school principals in a mixed manner