طراحی و اعتباریابی مدل شایستگی‌های رؤسای دانشگاه‌های دولتی کابل*

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی- مدیر گروه مدیریت و برنامه ریزی آموزشی

2 دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، گروه مدیریت و برنامه ریزی آموزشی

3 دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت آموزشی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی و استادیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی دانشگاه تعلیم و تربیت کابل، کابل،افغانستان.

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی و اعتباریابی مدل شایستگی رؤسای دانشگاه‌های دولتی کابل با روش ترکیبی اکتشافی و از نوع تحلیل محتوا انجام‌گرفته است. در مرحله کیفی پژوهش ابتدا 10 نفر از خبرگان حوزه شایستگی به روش هدفمند انتخاب و مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد. سپس طی دو مرحله تحلیل داده‌های کیفی با استفاده از روش کدگذاری باز و محوری، شایستگی ها در سه دسته اصلی ویژگی‌های فردی، دانش نظری و مهارت های عملی دسته بندی شدند. سپس بر مبنای یافته‌های حاصل از تجزیه‌ و تحلیل‌های مرحله کیفی، پرسشنامه پژوهش طراحی و در نمونه آماری 304 نفر از اعضای هیئت‌ علمی دانشگاه‌های دولتی کابل که به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای و با استفاده از جدول مورگان انتخاب ‌شده بودند، اجرا و داده‌های کمی پژوهش گردآوری شد. در مرحله کمی پژوهش جهتاعتباریابیمدلشایستگی های رؤسای دانشگاه ها از تحلیل مسیر استفاده گردید. نتایج تحلیل ها نشان‌ داد که مدل برازش مناسب داشته و از اعتبار مناسب و پذیرفتنی برخوردار است. همچنین ضرایب استاندارد شده بر روی هرکدام از تم‌های اصلی معنادار است و دو تم اصلی ویژگی‌های فردی و دانش نظری، قدرت پیش‌بینی توانایی مهارت‌های عملی را در سطح معناداری دارند. بنابراین می‌توان گفت که مدل ارائه ‌شده در بخش کیفی تحقیق بعد از حذف دو مقوله مهارت حل مسئله در تم اصلی مهارت عملی و جذابیت در تم اصلی ویژگی‌های فردی مورد تأیید قرار گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Design and Validation of the Competency Model of Kabul Public Universities’ Presidents

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Rahimian 1
  • Abbas Abbaspour 2
  • saeed ghiasi Nodooshan 2
  • Mohammad Naqi Akbari 3
1 Allame Tabatabai University, Director of Management and Educational Planning Department
2 Allameh Tabatabai University, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Management and Educational Planning
3 1. Ph. D condidate of educational management, Allame tabatabiee university, Tehran, Iran. 2. Assistant Professor, Department of educational management, Kabul education university, Kabul, Afghanistan.
چکیده [English]

This research is aimed to design and validate a competency model for the Kabul public universities' presidents using the content analysis of the exploratory mixed method. In the qualitative section of this research, 10 people of who were experts in the field of competence selected through targeted sampling and semi-structured interviews were done. Then, in two stages of analyzing qualitative data using open and axial coding, competencies were classified into three main categories of individual characteristics, theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Then, based on the findings of the qualitative stage analysis, a research questionnaire was designed and implemented in the statistical sample of 304 faculty members of Kabul public universities who were selected by stratified random sampling method using Morgan table. Therefore, the quantitative data were collected. In the quantitative phase, the path analysis was used to validate the competencies of university presidents. The results indicate that the model has a suitable fitting and acceptable validity. Also, standardized coefficients are meaningful on each of the main themes.Besides, the two main themes, including individual characteristics and theoretical knowledge, have the power to predict the ability of practical skills at a meaningful level. Therefore, the proposed model in the qualitative section was confirmed after the elimination of two factors which were the problem-solving skills in the practical skills theme and charm in the individual characteristics theme.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Competency model
  • University president
  • Kabul public universities
  • Content analysis
Ahn, J. W. (2017). Structural Equation Modeling of Cultural Competence of Nurses Caring for Foreign Patients. Asian Nursing Research, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp 65-73.
Arasteh, H. (2001). Leadership and management in higher education institutions of the country. Tehran: Bazargan publishing. (in Persian)
Aronson, J. (1994) Pragmatic View of Thematic Analysis. Journal of Qualitative Report, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp 5-12.
Baiza, Y. (2015). Education in Afghanistan: developments, influences and legacies, since 1901. Boston: Taylor & Francis.
Boyatzis, R. E. (1982). The competent manager: A model for effective performance. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006) Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp 77-101.
Byrne, B. M. (1994). Structural Equation Modeling with Eqs and Eqs/Windows. New York: Sage Publication.
Chang, Z. X., Yang, G. H. & Yuan, W. (2014). Competency-Based Management Effects on Satisfaction of Nurses and Patients. International  Journal of Nursing Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp 121-125.
Clark, J. & Armit, K. (2010). Leadership competency for doctors: a framework Leadership in Health services. Journal of Nursing Sciences, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp 42-50.
Clelland, M. D. (1973). Testing for Competence Rather than for Intellingence. Journal of American Psychologist, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp 1-14.
Erasmus, B., Loedolff, V. P. & Hammann, M. F. (2010). Competencies for Human Resource Development Practitioners. International Business and Economics Research, Vol. 9, No. 8, pp 113-126.
Farzaneh, M. (2016). Presentation of professional competency model of managers of educational departments of Tehran University. Phd Thesis on Educational Management, Kharazmi University. (in Persian)
Firmn, M. W. (2008). When caretaking competes with care giving: a qualitative study of full-time working mothers who are nurse managers. Journal of Nursing Management, Vol. 16. No. 7, pp 858–867.
Freudenberg, R. & Lavy, H. (2004). Competency modeling. International Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp 65-81.
Frost, R. O. & Hristova, A. (2011).  Assessment of hoarding. Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol, 67, No. 5, pp 456–466.
Ghasemi, V. (2010). Equivalentizing of structural equation in social research using Amos Graphics. Tehran: Publications of Sociologists. (in Persian)
Ghorban Nezhad, P. & Eesakhani, A. (2016). Designing a Model for the Competency of University Directors Based on Islamic models: A Comparative Study. Journal of Management at the Islamic University, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp 38-48. (in Persian)
Honarmand, M. (2016). Leadership methods at universities in Afghanistan. M.A Thesis on Educational Management, Shiraz University. (in Persian)
   Huang, F. (2006). Incorporation and University Governance: A Comparative Perspective From China and Japan. Journal of Higher EducationManagement and Policy, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp 68-80.
Hunt, B. & Wallace, T. (2013). The Study of Competency-Based Training and Strategies in the Public. Journal of Public Personal Management, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp 259-271.
Japan International Cooperation Agency for Afghanistan. (2016). Higher Education Status in Afghanistan. Kabul: Ariana Press.
Javedani, H. (2011). Investigation of the status of  managers of Iran's higher education system from the point of view of senior executives. Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp 8-12 (in Persian).
Josifas, B. & Andrej, A. (2017). Structural Equation Modeling of Cultural Competence of Nurses Caring for Foreign Patients. Asian Nursing Research, Vol. 11. No. 1, pp 65-73.
Jung, W. A. (2017). Structural Equation Modeling of Cultural Competence of  Nurses Caring for Foreign Patients. Asian Nursing Research, Vol. 11, No. 1. pp 65-73.
Kinght, D., Pearce, C. L., Smith, K. G., Olian, J. D., Sims, H. P., Smith, K. A. & Flood, P. (1999). Top management team diversity, group processes and strategic consensus. Journal of Strategic Management, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp 445-465.
Lebadi, Z. (2002). Assessing the competencies of higher education managers by taking into account international indicators and providing an appropriate conceptual framework. Phd Thesis on Educational Management, Science Research Branch, IslamicAzad University. (in Persian)
Lena, C., Stephanie, C. A., Carina, B., Simone, K. & Christoph, H. (2017). Introducing competency models as a tool for holistic competency development in learning factories: Challenges, example and future application. Journal of Business Education and Accreditation, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp 45-56.
Loehlin, J. C. (2004). Latent variable models: An introduction to factor, path, and structural equation analysis. New York: Psychology Press.
Noorshahi, N. (2009). Competencies required for University Presidents and their relative importance in terms of higher education experts in Iran. Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp 28-49. (in Persian)
Pedro, T. & Mario, A. (2017). The impact of experiential learning on managers strategic competencies and decision style. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp 10-14.
Ramsden, P. (2000). Learning to Lead in Higher Education. Stockholm: Routledge Publishing.
Ref, G. (2013). Interviews: Competency Based Starting point Series. Birmingham: University of Ulster.
Revised, J. (2014). Competencies for entry-level Registered Nurse Practice. Toronto: College of Nurses of Ontario.
Rezayat, Gh. (2011). Developing a model of competencies of presidents of Iran state universities. Phd Thesis on Educational Management, Shahid Beheshti University. (in Persian)
Rowley, D. J. & Sherman, H. (2003). The Special Challenges of Academic leadership. Journal ofManagement Decision, Vol. 41, No. 10, pp 1058-1063.
Saatchi, M. & Azizpoorshobi, A. (2006). Designing a Model for University Efficiency Leadership. Journal  of Daneshvar, Vol. 12, No. 11, pp 12-18. (in Persian)
Sarah, J. M. & Terrence, R. B. (2014). Competency Modeling in an Undergraduate Management Degree Program. Journal of Business Education and Accreditation, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp 45-56.
Schumacher, R. A. Lumex, R. J. (2009). A Beginner's Guide to Structure Equation Modeling, Translated by: Vahid Ghasemi, Tehran: Sociologists Publications. (in Persian)
Silvia, M. T. & Marly, M. D. C. (2017). Competency Mapping in Project Management: An Action Research Study in an Engineering Company. Journal of Project Management, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp 33-42.
Spendlove, M. (2007). Competencies for effective leadership in higher education. Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp 407-417.
Sydney, F. & Frances, K. (2013). University Presidents Perspectives of the Knowledge and Competencies Needed in 21st Century Higher Education Leadership. Journal of Educational Leadership in Action, Vol. 4, No. 2, 76-84.
Szczepanska, W. K. & Dacko, P. Z. (2014). Managerial Competencies and Innovations in the Company the Case of Enterprises in Poland. Journal of Bisiness Management and Education, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp 266-282.
Young, M. & Dulewicz, V. (2005). A Model of Mommand, leadership and Management Competency in the British Royal Navy. Journal of Leadership and Organization Development, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp 228-241.
Zuzan, S. (2016). Competency models in public sector. Jornal of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 230, pp 226 –234.